hyperviscosity syndrome
A clinical condition caused by increased blood viscosity, typically due to elevated protein levels or increased cellular components.
Full Definition
Hyperviscosity syndrome occurs when blood becomes abnormally thick due to increased protein concentration (particularly immunoglobulins) or excessive cellular elements, leading to impaired circulation and end-organ dysfunction. In hematologic malignancies, this syndrome is most commonly associated with Waldenström macroglobulinemia, multiple myeloma, and polycythemia vera. Clinical manifestations include neurological symptoms (headache, confusion, visual disturbances), bleeding tendencies despite normal platelet counts, and cardiovascular compromise. Treatment involves addressing the underlying cause and may require emergency plasmapheresis or phlebotomy to rapidly reduce viscosity.
Usage
Usage note: Should be distinguished from other microangiopathic conditions that may present with similar neurological symptoms.
In Context
- "The patient's visual symptoms and elevated serum viscosity confirmed hyperviscosity syndrome." — Clinical assessment
- "Emergency plasmapheresis was performed to treat hyperviscosity syndrome secondary to Waldenström macroglobulinemia." — Treatment record