occlusal overload
The application of excessive occlusal (biting) forces to a dental implant or its prosthetic components, leading to mechanical failure or peri-implant bone loss.
Full Definition
Occlusal overload occurs when the forces transmitted through an implant-supported restoration exceed the adaptive capacity of the implant–bone interface or the mechanical tolerance of the prosthetic components. Consequences include screw loosening, component fracture, crestal bone resorption, and implant failure. It is considered a primary biomechanical risk factor in implant dentistry and is assessed during occlusal analysis at both treatment-planning and recall stages. Editors reviewing clinical case reports should distinguish occlusal overload from peri-implantitis, as both can produce crestal bone loss but through different aetiological pathways. The term is hyphenated as a compound noun or compound modifier.
Usage
Usage note: Hyphenate when used as a compound noun or modifier. Clearly distinguish from peri-implantitis in clinical narratives; both can cause bone loss but require separate documentation of aetiology.
In Context
- "Occlusal overload was identified as the likely cause of the implant's recurrent screw fractures." — Failure Analysis Report
- "Night-guard therapy was prescribed to mitigate the risk of occlusal overload in this bruxing patient." — Treatment Plan