pneumoperitoneum
Pronunciation: new-moh-pair-ih-toh-NEE-um
The controlled insufflation of gas into the peritoneal cavity to create working space for laparoscopic surgery.
Full Definition
Pneumoperitoneum is the intentional introduction of carbon dioxide gas into the peritoneal cavity to distend the abdomen and create visualization space for laparoscopic procedures. CO2 is used because it is highly soluble in blood and rapidly absorbed, reducing the risk of gas embolism. The procedure requires careful monitoring of intra-abdominal pressure, typically maintained between 12-15 mmHg. Pneumoperitoneum allows surgeons to safely manipulate instruments while maintaining clear visualization of anatomical structures.
Usage
Usage note: Always specify the gas type (CO2) and pressure when documenting.
In Context
- "Pneumoperitoneum was established with CO2 at 15 mmHg pressure." — Operative report
- "The patient tolerated pneumoperitoneum well throughout the procedure." — Anesthesia record