meconium aspiration syndrome
Pronunciation: muh-KOH-nee-uhm
Neonatal respiratory distress caused by inhalation of meconium-stained amniotic fluid.
Full Definition
Meconium aspiration syndrome (MAS) occurs when a newborn inhales meconium-stained amniotic fluid before, during, or immediately after birth, leading to respiratory complications. Meconium passage in utero may indicate fetal stress, and subsequent aspiration can cause airway obstruction, pneumonia, and pulmonary hypertension. The condition is more common in post-term pregnancies and stressed fetuses. Management includes immediate suctioning if the infant is depressed, respiratory support, and treatment of complications. Prevention focuses on appropriate management of meconium-stained deliveries and avoiding routine intrapartum suctioning in vigorous infants.
Usage
Usage note: Meconium consistency (thick vs. thin) affects risk and management approach.
In Context
- "The infant developed meconium aspiration syndrome requiring mechanical ventilation." — Neonatal intensive care admission
- "Thick meconium was noted at delivery with subsequent development of MAS." — Neonatal complication report