operative delivery
Assisted vaginal delivery using instruments such as forceps or vacuum extraction to facilitate birth.
Full Definition
Operative delivery refers to instrumental assistance during vaginal birth, primarily using forceps or vacuum extraction devices to help deliver the baby. These interventions are employed when maternal expulsive efforts are inadequate, fetal distress requires expedited delivery, or medical conditions contraindicate prolonged pushing. Prerequisites include full cervical dilation, ruptured membranes, engaged fetal head, and appropriate fetal position. Indications may include prolonged second stage, maternal exhaustion, cardiac conditions limiting Valsalva maneuvers, or non-reassuring fetal status. Risks include maternal perineal trauma, fetal injury, and failed attempted delivery requiring cesarean section. The choice between forceps and vacuum depends on clinical factors and operator experience.
Usage
Usage note: Specifically refers to forceps and vacuum deliveries; distinguish from cesarean section.
In Context
- "Operative delivery with vacuum extraction was performed for prolonged second stage." — Delivery summary report
- "Failed operative delivery necessitated immediate cesarean section." — Emergency procedure documentation