tumor microenvironment
The complex ecosystem surrounding cancer cells, including immune cells, blood vessels, and supportive tissues that influence tumor behavior.
Full Definition
The tumor microenvironment (TME) encompasses all non-malignant cells, blood vessels, extracellular matrix, and signaling molecules that surround and interact with cancer cells within a tumor. Key components include immune cells (T cells, macrophages, dendritic cells), stromal cells (fibroblasts, endothelial cells), and various cytokines and growth factors. The TME plays a crucial role in cancer progression, metastasis, and response to therapy. Understanding TME composition and dynamics has led to new therapeutic approaches, particularly immunotherapies that aim to reprogram the immune microenvironment to be more hostile to cancer cells.
Usage
Usage note: Use 'TME' as the standard abbreviation in clinical and research contexts.
In Context
- "Immunohistochemistry revealed an immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment." — Pathology interpretation
- "The tumor microenvironment analysis guided combination therapy selection." — Treatment planning