apnea of prematurity
Pronunciation: AP-nee-uh
Breathing interruptions lasting 15-20 seconds or longer in premature infants, often accompanied by bradycardia and oxygen desaturation.
Full Definition
Apnea of prematurity (AOP) is a common condition affecting premature infants, characterized by cessations in breathing lasting 15-20 seconds or longer, typically accompanied by bradycardia (heart rate less than 80 beats per minute) and/or oxygen desaturation. AOP is due to immaturity of the respiratory control centers in the brainstem and affects nearly all infants born before 28 weeks gestation. The condition can be central (no respiratory effort), obstructive (airway blockage), or mixed (combination of both). Treatment includes positioning, gentle stimulation, continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP), and medications such as caffeine citrate. Most infants outgrow AOP by 36-37 weeks corrected gestational age.
Usage
Usage note: Often abbreviated as AOP; distinguish from other forms of apnea
In Context
- "The 28-week infant experienced multiple episodes of apnea of prematurity requiring intervention." — Clinical assessment
- "Apnea of prematurity episodes decreased significantly after starting caffeine therapy." — Progress note