caffeine citrate
Pronunciation: KAF-een SIH-trayt
A methylxanthine medication used to treat apnea of prematurity and facilitate weaning from mechanical ventilation in preterm infants.
Full Definition
Caffeine citrate is a central nervous system stimulant medication commonly used in neonatal intensive care units to treat apnea of prematurity and assist with weaning premature infants from mechanical ventilation. The drug works by blocking adenosine receptors in the brainstem, which stimulates the respiratory center and increases respiratory drive. Caffeine citrate has a long half-life in neonates, allowing for once-daily dosing. Studies have shown that caffeine therapy can reduce the duration of mechanical ventilation, decrease the incidence of bronchopulmonary dysplasia, and improve neurodevelopmental outcomes. The medication is typically initiated in infants born before 34 weeks gestation who experience significant apneic episodes.
Usage
Usage note: Specify 'citrate' form to distinguish from other caffeine preparations
In Context
- "Caffeine citrate was started to address frequent apneic episodes in the 30-week gestation infant." — Medication order
- "The loading dose of caffeine citrate was administered prior to extubation." — Clinical note