high-frequency oscillatory ventilation
A specialized ventilation technique that delivers very small tidal volumes at extremely high respiratory rates to minimize lung injury in critically ill neonates.
Full Definition
High-frequency oscillatory ventilation (HFOV) is an advanced mechanical ventilation strategy used in neonatal intensive care for infants with severe respiratory failure. HFOV delivers very small tidal volumes (often less than anatomical dead space) at frequencies of 180-900 cycles per minute through oscillations created by a piston or diaphragm. This technique maintains alveolar recruitment through continuous distending pressure while minimizing ventilator-induced lung injury through reduced pressure swings. HFOV is particularly useful for conditions such as severe respiratory distress syndrome, pulmonary hypoplasia, or air leak syndromes. The ventilator creates a 'wiggle' effect visible on the patient's chest, and gas exchange occurs through different mechanisms than conventional ventilation.
Usage
Usage note: Often abbreviated as HFOV; note the visible chest oscillations during therapy
In Context
- "High-frequency oscillatory ventilation was initiated when conventional ventilation failed to achieve adequate oxygenation." — Respiratory therapy note
- "The characteristic chest wiggle confirmed proper functioning of the high-frequency oscillatory ventilation." — Clinical observation