apnea of prematurity
Cessation of breathing for 15-20 seconds or longer in premature infants due to immature respiratory control.
Full Definition
A common condition in premature infants characterized by periodic cessation of breathing due to immaturity of the respiratory control center in the brainstem. Apnea episodes typically last 15-20 seconds or longer and may be accompanied by bradycardia (slow heart rate) and oxygen desaturation. The condition is classified as central apnea (no respiratory effort), obstructive apnea (airway blockage), or mixed apnea (combination of both). Treatment includes caffeine therapy, continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP), and in severe cases, mechanical ventilation. Most infants outgrow this condition as their nervous system matures.
Usage
Usage note: Often abbreviated as AOP; duration and associated symptoms should be documented.
In Context
- "The 30-week gestational age infant experienced frequent episodes of apnea of prematurity requiring caffeine therapy." — Treatment plan
- "Apnea of prematurity typically resolves by 37 weeks postmenstrual age in most affected infants." — Medical literature