Coombs test
Pronunciation: /kuːmz/
A blood test used to detect antibodies that attack red blood cells, particularly important in diagnosing hemolytic disease in newborns.
Full Definition
The Coombs test, also known as the antiglobulin test, detects antibodies bound to the surface of red blood cells or free antibodies in serum. In neonatal medicine, it is crucial for diagnosing ABO or Rh incompatibility between mother and infant, which can lead to hemolytic disease of the newborn. A positive direct Coombs test indicates antibodies coating the infant's red blood cells, while an indirect test detects circulating antibodies. Results guide treatment decisions including the need for phototherapy, exchange transfusion, or close monitoring for severe hyperbilirubinemia.
Usage
Usage note: Always capitalize as it is named after Robin Coombs. May be abbreviated as DAT (Direct Antiglobulin Test).
In Context
- "The direct Coombs test was positive, indicating maternal-fetal blood group incompatibility." — Laboratory report
- "Serial bilirubin levels will be monitored closely given the positive Coombs test result." — Treatment plan