extremely low birth weight
Birth weight classification for infants weighing less than 1,000 grams (approximately 2 pounds, 3 ounces).
Full Definition
Extremely low birth weight (ELBW) is a clinical classification for newborns weighing less than 1,000 grams at birth, representing the most vulnerable population in neonatology. These infants face significantly higher risks of mortality and long-term morbidities including neurodevelopmental delays, chronic lung disease, and growth restriction. ELBW infants typically require extended NICU stays and intensive medical interventions. The classification is distinct from very low birth weight (1,000-1,499 grams) and low birth weight (1,500-2,499 grams), with each category having different prognostic implications and care requirements.
Usage
Usage note: Hyphenate when used as compound adjective; abbreviation ELBW acceptable after first use.
In Context
- "The extremely low birth weight infant required immediate intubation and surfactant administration." — Clinical case report
- "Long-term follow-up protocols for extremely low birth weight survivors include neurodevelopmental assessments at 18-24 months corrected age." — Research protocol