hemifacial spasm
Pronunciation: HEM-ee-FAY-shal spazm
Involuntary unilateral facial muscle contractions often caused by vascular compression of the facial nerve.
Full Definition
Hemifacial spasm is a movement disorder characterized by involuntary, intermittent contractions of muscles innervated by the facial nerve on one side of the face. The condition typically begins with twitching around the eye and may progress to involve the entire side of the face. Most cases result from vascular compression of the facial nerve at its root exit zone, though tumors or other lesions can cause similar symptoms. The condition can significantly impact quality of life and may require differentiation from other facial movement disorders or blepharospasm in neuro-ophthalmological practice.
Usage
Usage note: Distinguish from bilateral conditions like blepharospasm or facial myokymia.
In Context
- "The patient's hemifacial spasm was successfully treated with botulinum toxin injections." — neuro-ophthalmology treatment report
- "MRI revealed vascular loop compression of the facial nerve consistent with hemifacial spasm." — neuroimaging report