pseudotumor cerebri
Condition of elevated intracranial pressure without identifiable cause, presenting with papilledema and visual symptoms.
Full Definition
Pseudotumor cerebri, also known as idiopathic intracranial hypertension (IIH), is a neurological condition characterized by elevated intracranial pressure without an identifiable underlying cause such as a brain tumor or hydrocephalus. The condition primarily affects young, obese women and presents with headaches, visual disturbances, and papilledema on ophthalmoscopic examination. The term 'pseudotumor' reflects the clinical presentation that mimics brain tumor symptoms but without an actual mass lesion. Diagnosis requires demonstration of elevated opening pressure on lumbar puncture and normal cerebrospinal fluid composition. Visual field defects, particularly enlargement of the blind spot, are common and can progress to permanent visual loss if untreated.
Usage
Usage note: Prefer 'idiopathic intracranial hypertension' in formal medical writing; 'pseudotumor cerebri' remains acceptable.
In Context
- "The patient was diagnosed with pseudotumor cerebri based on elevated CSF pressure and bilateral papilledema." — Diagnostic summary
- "Weight loss and acetazolamide therapy improved her pseudotumor cerebri symptoms." — Treatment note