cortical spreading depression
Also written as: CSD — Cortical Spreading Depression
Wave of neuronal and glial depolarization that propagates across cortex, underlying migraine aura pathophysiology.
Full Definition
Cortical spreading depression (CSD) is a slowly propagating wave of neuronal and glial depolarization followed by suppression of electrical activity that spreads across the cerebral cortex at 2-6 mm/minute. This phenomenon is believed to be the underlying mechanism of migraine aura and can be triggered by various stimuli including ischemia, trauma, or chemical factors. CSD causes transient changes in cerebral blood flow, metabolism, and blood-brain barrier permeability. While not directly visible on routine clinical imaging, advanced MRI techniques can sometimes detect the associated hemodynamic changes.
Usage
Usage note: Primarily a research concept but relevant for understanding migraine pathophysiology.
In Context
- "The patient's visual aura was likely caused by cortical spreading depression originating in the occipital cortex." — migraine evaluation report
- "Cortical spreading depression may contribute to the development of stroke in susceptible patients." — research publication