mesial temporal sclerosis
Also written as: MTS — mesial temporal sclerosis
Chronic neuronal loss and gliosis in hippocampus and related structures, commonly associated with temporal lobe epilepsy.
Full Definition
Mesial temporal sclerosis (MTS) is a pathological condition characterized by neuronal loss, gliosis, and atrophy affecting the hippocampus, amygdala, and parahippocampal structures. It is the most common cause of medically refractory temporal lobe epilepsy in adults. On MRI, findings include increased T2 and FLAIR signal intensity in the hippocampus, loss of normal hippocampal internal architecture, and hippocampal atrophy with volume loss. The condition may be unilateral or bilateral, with unilateral cases being better candidates for surgical treatment. Quantitative volumetric analysis can help detect subtle cases of hippocampal atrophy.
Usage
Usage note: Specify laterality and mention associated volume loss when present.
In Context
- "Left mesial temporal sclerosis was evident with hippocampal atrophy and increased FLAIR signal." — Epilepsy surgery workup
- "Bilateral mesial temporal sclerosis precluded surgical intervention." — Neurosurgical consultation