oligodendroglioma
Pronunciation: oh-li-go-den-dro-glee-OH-mah
Primary brain tumor arising from oligodendrocytes, characterized by calcifications and 'fried-egg' histology.
Full Definition
Oligodendroglioma is a type of primary brain tumor that originates from oligodendrocytes, the glial cells responsible for producing myelin in the central nervous system. These tumors typically occur in the cerebral hemispheres, particularly the frontal and temporal lobes, and are characterized by their distinctive histological appearance with round nuclei surrounded by clear cytoplasm ('fried-egg' appearance). On imaging, oligodendrogliomas often show calcifications and may have a relatively indolent course. Molecular markers, particularly IDH mutation and 1p/19q codeletion, are crucial for diagnosis and prognosis.
Usage
Usage note: Distinguish from related glial tumors and note the importance of molecular classification.
In Context
- "The frontal lobe mass with prominent calcifications is consistent with oligodendroglioma." — Neuro-oncology report
- "Histopathology confirmed the diagnosis of WHO grade 2 oligodendroglioma with 1p/19q codeletion." — Pathology report correlation