diaschisis
Pronunciation: die-AS-ki-sis
Temporary loss of function in brain regions anatomically connected to but distant from the site of acute injury.
Full Definition
Diaschisis describes the phenomenon where brain regions that are structurally and functionally connected to an area of acute damage experience temporary dysfunction, even though they are not directly injured. This concept helps explain why some neurological deficits appear more severe initially and may improve over time as the diaschisis resolves. The phenomenon occurs through disruption of neural networks and can affect areas in the same hemisphere (ipsilateral diaschisis) or opposite hemisphere (contralateral diaschisis). Understanding diaschisis informs rehabilitation timing and prognosis, as some functional improvements may occur spontaneously as these distant effects resolve, typically within weeks to months post-injury.
Usage
Usage note: Distinguished from permanent damage - implies potential for spontaneous recovery.
In Context
- "The patient's initial severe deficits may partially reflect diaschisis effects that could improve with time." — Neurologist consultation note
- "Understanding diaschisis helped explain the gradual functional improvements observed during the first month post-stroke." — Rehabilitation team case presentation