Synkinesis
Pronunciation: sin-ki-NEE-sis
Abnormal involuntary muscle movements that occur simultaneously with intended voluntary movements.
Full Definition
Synkinesis refers to the unwanted activation of muscle groups that accompanies voluntary movement of other muscles, typically occurring during neural recovery after stroke or facial nerve injury. This phenomenon represents aberrant neural reconnections during the healing process, where nerve fibers grow back incorrectly or create inappropriate connections. In facial synkinesis, attempting to smile might cause the eye to close involuntarily. In limb synkinesis, trying to move the affected arm might trigger unwanted leg movements. While synkinesis indicates some level of neural recovery, it can significantly impact functional movement and requires specialized therapeutic approaches to minimize its effects.
Usage
Usage note: Often indicates neural recovery but requires therapeutic management to optimize function.
In Context
- "The patient developed facial synkinesis six months post-stroke, with eye closure accompanying attempted smiling." — Neurology follow-up note
- "Upper limb synkinesis was evident during reaching tasks, with involuntary shoulder elevation occurring with finger extension." — Physical therapy assessment