oligodendroglioma
Pronunciation: OH-lih-goh-DEN-droh-glee-OH-mah
Primary brain tumor arising from oligodendrocytes, often characterized by 1p/19q codeletion and better prognosis.
Full Definition
A type of primary brain tumor that originates from oligodendrocytes, the glial cells responsible for myelin production in the central nervous system. These tumors are classified as WHO grade II (low-grade) or grade III (anaplastic) and frequently harbor characteristic genetic alterations including 1p/19q codeletion and IDH mutations. Oligodendrogliomas typically occur in the frontal lobes of adults and have a relatively better prognosis compared to astrocytic tumors. Treatment usually involves maximal safe resection followed by radiation therapy and chemotherapy, with the genetic profile influencing treatment decisions and prognosis.
Usage
Usage note: Genetic markers (1p/19q, IDH) are essential for accurate classification in current WHO guidelines.
In Context
- "Molecular testing confirmed the diagnosis of oligodendroglioma with 1p/19q codeletion, indicating chemosensitivity." — pathology report
- "The patient's seizures were attributed to a left frontal oligodendroglioma requiring gross total resection." — clinical summary