retrosigmoid approach
Pronunciation: ret-roh-SIG-moid
A lateral suboccipital surgical approach posterior to the sigmoid sinus for accessing cerebellopontine angle pathology.
Full Definition
The retrosigmoid approach is a lateral suboccipital craniotomy technique that provides access to the cerebellopontine angle (CPA) and internal auditory canal by approaching from behind the sigmoid sinus. This approach involves a curvilinear incision behind the ear, followed by a craniotomy that exposes the posterior fossa while preserving the sigmoid sinus and transverse sinus. The technique is particularly valuable for removing acoustic neuromas, trigeminal neuromas, and other CPA tumors while attempting to preserve hearing function. The approach allows excellent visualization of cranial nerves VII and VIII, the brainstem, and lateral cerebellum. Key anatomical landmarks include the sigmoid sinus medially and the posterior semicircular canal laterally.
Usage
Usage note: Specify hearing preservation goals when documenting this approach for acoustic neuromas.
In Context
- "A retrosigmoid approach was utilized for gross total resection of the acoustic neuroma." — Operative report
- "The retrosigmoid approach provided optimal exposure while preserving facial nerve function." — Surgical technique description