syringomyelia
Pronunciation: sih-RING-goh-my-EE-lee-ah
Formation of fluid-filled cysts (syrinxes) within the spinal cord parenchyma.
Full Definition
A progressive disorder characterized by the development of longitudinal, fluid-filled cavities (syrinxes) within the spinal cord. These cysts typically form in the cervical or thoracic regions and may be associated with Chiari malformations, spinal cord tumors, trauma, or may be idiopathic. As the syrinx expands, it destroys neural tissue, leading to progressive neurological deficits including pain, temperature sensation loss, weakness, and muscle atrophy. Treatment often involves addressing underlying causes and may include surgical options such as syrinx drainage or Chiari decompression.
Usage
Usage note: The cavity is called a syrinx; distinguish from hydromyelia (dilation of central canal).
In Context
- "The patient's cape-like sensory loss pattern suggested syringomyelia, confirmed by spinal MRI showing an extensive cervical syrinx." — neurological assessment
- "Syringomyelia associated with Chiari I malformation may require posterior fossa decompression to prevent syrinx progression." — surgical planning