transsphenoidal approach
Pronunciation: trans-SFEE-noy-dal
Minimally invasive surgical route through the nasal cavity and sphenoid sinus to access pituitary and skull base lesions.
Full Definition
A surgical technique that provides access to the sella turcica and surrounding structures by approaching through the nasal cavity, sphenoid sinus, and sellar floor. This approach is the gold standard for most pituitary adenomas and other sellar/parasellar lesions, offering excellent visualization while avoiding brain retraction and external incisions. Modern techniques utilize endoscopic visualization and may be performed endonasally or through a sublabial incision. The approach allows for tumor resection while preserving normal pituitary function and minimizing morbidity compared to transcranial approaches.
Usage
Usage note: May be abbreviated as TSA; distinguish from other skull base approaches by anatomical route.
In Context
- "The pituitary macroadenoma was successfully resected via an endoscopic transsphenoidal approach with preservation of normal gland function." — operative report
- "Transsphenoidal approach complications may include CSF leak, diabetes insipidus, and sellar reconstruction failure." — risk assessment