neuritic plaque
Extracellular deposits of amyloid-beta protein surrounded by dystrophic neurites, a hallmark pathological feature of Alzheimer's disease.
Full Definition
Neuritic plaques are extracellular lesions characteristic of Alzheimer's disease, consisting of a central core of amyloid-beta protein aggregates surrounded by dystrophic axons and dendrites (neurites). These plaques also contain activated microglia, reactive astrocytes, and various inflammatory mediators. Neuritic plaques are distinguished from diffuse plaques by the presence of these dystrophic neurites and are considered more pathologically significant. They disrupt normal synaptic function and contribute to neurodegeneration. The density and distribution of neuritic plaques correlate with cognitive impairment and are used for neuropathological diagnosis of Alzheimer's disease according to standardized criteria.
Usage
Usage note: Distinguish from diffuse plaques which lack dystrophic neurites.
In Context
- "Neuropathological examination revealed abundant neuritic plaques throughout the temporal and parietal cortices." — Autopsy report
- "The immunostaining protocol specifically labeled neuritic plaques using anti-amyloid-beta antibodies." — Histology methods