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Intermediate Technical IVT

hypertonic saline

Concentrated sodium chloride solutions (typically 3% or 23.4%) used to reduce intracranial pressure and treat cerebral edema.

Full Definition

Hypertonic saline refers to sodium chloride solutions with concentrations higher than physiological (0.9%) saline, commonly 3% for continuous infusion or 23.4% for bolus administration. It creates an osmotic gradient that draws water from brain tissue, effectively reducing cerebral edema and intracranial pressure. Unlike mannitol, hypertonic saline can be used in patients with renal dysfunction and does not cause rebound cerebral edema.

Usage

Usage note: Always specify concentration (3%, 23.4%) when documenting use

In Context

  • "Hypertonic saline 23.4% was administered as a 30mL bolus for acute herniation." — Emergency treatment note
  • "Continuous 3% hypertonic saline infusion was titrated to maintain serum sodium at 150 mEq/L." — ICU flowsheet

Also known as

HTS concentrated saline

Contrasted with

hypotonic saline normal saline

Don't confuse with

normal saline isotonic saline mannitol
Hunt and Hess scale ← Back to glossary ICP

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