peptide YY
Also written as: PYY — peptide YY
An intestinal hormone that reduces appetite and gastric motility, often dysregulated in neuroendocrine disorders.
Full Definition
Peptide YY (PYY) is a 36-amino acid hormone secreted primarily by L-cells in the distal small intestine and colon in response to nutrient intake. This hormone acts through neuropeptide Y receptors to reduce appetite, slow gastric emptying, and decrease intestinal motility, contributing to the 'ileal brake' mechanism. PYY exists in two main forms: PYY1-36 and the more potent truncated form PYY3-36, which is generated by dipeptidyl peptidase-4 cleavage. In neuroendocrinology, PYY levels are often altered in patients with eating disorders, obesity, and certain neuroendocrine tumors. The hormone serves as both a satiety signal and a potential therapeutic target for metabolic disorders.
Usage
Usage note: Always specify whether referring to PYY1-36 or PYY3-36 when precision is required.
In Context
- "Post-prandial peptide YY levels were significantly blunted in patients with Prader-Willi syndrome." — Endocrinology journal article
- "The patient's elevated peptide YY concentration suggested a possible neuroendocrine tumor of intestinal origin." — Laboratory consultation note