stress-induced hyperprolactinemia
Elevated prolactin levels resulting from psychological or physiological stress that activates hypothalamic-pituitary pathways.
Full Definition
Stress-induced hyperprolactinemia is a condition characterized by elevated prolactin levels that occur in response to acute or chronic psychological or physiological stressors. Stress activates the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis and can simultaneously stimulate prolactin release through various mechanisms including reduced dopaminergic inhibition, increased thyrotropin-releasing hormone (TRH), and direct stress hormone effects on lactotrophs. This condition is commonly observed in clinical settings during medical procedures, psychiatric episodes, or severe illness. Unlike pathological hyperprolactinemia from adenomas, stress-induced elevations are typically transient and resolve when the stressor is removed. However, chronic stress can lead to sustained prolactin elevation with clinical consequences.
Usage
Usage note: Distinguish from pathological causes of hyperprolactinemia; emphasize transient nature and relationship to stressor.
In Context
- "The patient's stress-induced hyperprolactinemia resolved after completing the anxiety treatment protocol." — Psychiatry consultation note
- "Laboratory values showed stress-induced hyperprolactinemia consistent with the recent traumatic event." — Emergency medicine report