neurocognitive disorder
Clinical condition characterized by acquired cognitive decline from previously normal functioning.
Full Definition
Neurocognitive disorder is the preferred diagnostic term for conditions previously labeled as 'dementia' or 'cognitive impairment.' These disorders involve significant cognitive decline from baseline functioning in one or more cognitive domains, including memory, executive function, attention, language, visuospatial skills, or social cognition. The term encompasses both major neurocognitive disorder (significant impairment affecting independence) and mild neurocognitive disorder (modest impairment not affecting independence). This classification emphasizes the neurological basis of cognitive symptoms.
Usage
Usage note: Preferred over older terms like 'dementia' in formal clinical documentation.
In Context
- "The diagnosis was changed from dementia to major neurocognitive disorder to align with current terminology." — Medical record update
- "Mild neurocognitive disorder may progress to major neurocognitive disorder over time." — Patient education material