corpus callosum
The large band of neural fibers connecting the left and right cerebral hemispheres.
Full Definition
The corpus callosum is the largest commissural structure in the brain, consisting of approximately 200 million axonal projections that facilitate interhemispheric communication. It enables coordination between the brain's hemispheres and plays crucial roles in cognitive functions, sensory integration, and motor coordination. Abnormalities of the corpus callosum, whether developmental (agenesis) or acquired (through trauma or disease), can result in disconnection syndromes. The structure is clearly visible on mid-sagittal MRI images and is routinely assessed in neuroimaging studies.
Usage
Usage note: Often abbreviated as CC in imaging reports, but spell out in formal clinical documentation.
In Context
- "MRI revealed thinning of the corpus callosum consistent with multiple sclerosis." — Neuroimaging report
- "The patient was born with partial agenesis of the corpus callosum." — Developmental neurology consultation