dysdiadochokinesia
Pronunciation: dis-DYE-uh-dock-oh-ki-NEE-zhuh
Impaired ability to perform rapid alternating movements, typically indicating cerebellar dysfunction.
Full Definition
Dysdiadochokinesia refers to the inability to perform rapid alternating movements smoothly and accurately, such as rapidly pronating and supinating the hands or tapping fingers in succession. This neurological sign is a classic indicator of cerebellar pathology, particularly affecting the lateral cerebellar hemispheres. The term is derived from Greek, meaning 'difficulty with successive movements.' It is commonly tested during neurological examinations by asking patients to rapidly alternate between opposing movements, and abnormalities suggest dysfunction in the cerebellum's role in motor coordination and timing.
Usage
Usage note: Hyphen usage varies; some sources prefer 'dys-diadochokinesia' while others use the unhyphenated form.
In Context
- "Examination revealed dysdiadochokinesia on rapid finger-to-nose testing, suggesting cerebellar involvement." — Neurological examination notes
- "The patient's dysdiadochokinesia improved following rehabilitation targeting cerebellar function." — Physical therapy progress note