hydrocephalus
Pronunciation: hahy-druh-SEF-uh-luhs
Abnormal accumulation of cerebrospinal fluid within the brain's ventricular system.
Full Definition
Hydrocephalus is a condition characterized by excessive accumulation of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) within the ventricular system of the brain, leading to ventricular enlargement and potentially increased intracranial pressure. It can be congenital or acquired, and may result from overproduction of CSF, impaired absorption, or obstruction of CSF flow. The condition requires prompt recognition and treatment, often involving surgical intervention such as shunt placement. Different types include communicating and non-communicating (obstructive) hydrocephalus.
Usage
Usage note: Distinguish from ex-vacuo ventricular enlargement due to brain atrophy.
In Context
- "CT imaging revealed progressive hydrocephalus requiring urgent neurosurgical intervention." — Emergency radiology report
- "The infant was diagnosed with congenital hydrocephalus at 20 weeks gestation." — Prenatal ultrasound report