pseudobulbar palsy
Pronunciation: SOO-doh-BUL-bar PAL-zee
Upper motor neuron dysfunction affecting cranial nerves controlling speech, swallowing, and facial expression.
Full Definition
Pseudobulbar palsy results from bilateral damage to upper motor neurons that control cranial nerve nuclei in the brainstem, leading to dysarthria, dysphagia, and emotional lability. Unlike bulbar palsy, which involves lower motor neuron damage, pseudobulbar palsy presents with hyperactive reflexes and spasticity. The condition commonly occurs in stroke, multiple sclerosis, and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. Clinical documentation must distinguish between bulbar and pseudobulbar presentations, as they have different anatomical substrates and treatment implications.
Usage
Usage note: Distinguish from bulbar palsy (lower motor neuron) by presence of hyperreflexia.
In Context
- "The patient exhibited pseudobulbar palsy with emotional incontinence following bilateral strokes." — Neurology consultation note
- "Pseudobulbar affect is a common manifestation of pseudobulbar palsy in ALS patients." — Clinical assessment form