Aspiration Prophylaxis
Preventive measures to reduce gastric content acidity and volume, minimizing pulmonary aspiration risk during obstetric anesthesia.
Full Definition
A comprehensive approach to preventing pulmonary aspiration of gastric contents during obstetric anesthesia, particularly important given the increased aspiration risk in pregnant patients. Prophylaxis typically includes administration of non-particulate antacids, H2-receptor antagonists, and proton pump inhibitors to reduce gastric acidity and volume. Additional measures may include prokinetic agents to enhance gastric emptying and adherence to NPO guidelines when possible. The strategy is especially critical before general anesthesia or when conversion from regional to general anesthesia is anticipated, as pregnant patients have delayed gastric emptying and increased gastric acid production.
Usage
Usage note: Distinguish from aspiration precautions, which refer to general safety measures rather than pharmacological prophylaxis.
In Context
- "Standard aspiration prophylaxis was administered with ranitidine and sodium citrate prior to cesarean delivery." — Anesthetic record
- "The emergency cesarean section proceeded without aspiration prophylaxis due to fetal distress." — Operative report