Postpartum Hemorrhage
Also written as: PPH — Postpartum Hemorrhage
Excessive bleeding following delivery, defined as blood loss greater than 500 mL after vaginal delivery or 1000 mL after cesarean section.
Full Definition
Postpartum hemorrhage (PPH) is one of the leading causes of maternal morbidity and mortality worldwide. Primary PPH occurs within 24 hours of delivery and is most commonly caused by uterine atony, retained placenta, genital tract trauma, or coagulopathy. Secondary PPH occurs between 24 hours and 12 weeks postpartum. From an anesthetic perspective, PPH management requires rapid recognition, hemodynamic resuscitation, potential conversion to general anesthesia for emergency surgery, massive transfusion protocols, and coordination with obstetric and hematology teams. Anesthesiologists play a crucial role in maintaining hemodynamic stability while surgical and medical interventions are implemented.
Usage
Usage note: Distinguish from antepartum hemorrhage which occurs before delivery; quantify blood loss accurately for proper classification.
In Context
- "Massive transfusion protocol was activated for postpartum hemorrhage exceeding 2000 mL." — Emergency response documentation
- "Epidural anesthesia was converted to general anesthesia for emergency hysterectomy due to refractory postpartum hemorrhage." — Anesthetic conversion note