postpartum haemorrhage
Excessive bleeding following childbirth, defined as blood loss exceeding 500ml after vaginal delivery or 1000ml after caesarean section.
Full Definition
Postpartum haemorrhage (PPH) is a major obstetric emergency characterized by excessive bleeding after delivery. Primary PPH occurs within 24 hours of delivery, while secondary PPH occurs between 24 hours and 12 weeks postpartum. The most common cause is uterine atony (failure of the uterus to contract adequately), but other causes include retained placental tissue, genital tract trauma, and coagulation disorders. Prompt recognition and management are essential to prevent maternal morbidity and mortality. Treatment may include uterotonic medications, surgical intervention, or blood transfusion.
Usage
Usage note: Note British spelling 'haemorrhage' in UK contexts; distinguish between primary and secondary types.
In Context
- "Primary postpartum haemorrhage was successfully managed with syntometrine and uterine massage." — Delivery complication report
- "Secondary postpartum haemorrhage at 6 weeks required urgent readmission for assessment." — Postnatal follow-up documentation