liquid biopsy
A blood-based test that detects circulating tumor cells or tumor-derived genetic material.
Full Definition
Liquid biopsy is a minimally invasive diagnostic approach that analyzes circulating tumor cells (CTCs), circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA), or other tumor-derived materials in blood or other body fluids. This technology enables real-time monitoring of tumor genetics, treatment response, and disease progression without requiring invasive tissue biopsies. Liquid biopsy applications include early cancer detection, treatment selection, resistance monitoring, and minimal residual disease assessment, though sensitivity and specificity vary by cancer type and disease stage.
Usage
Usage note: Results interpretation requires understanding of detection limits and clinical validation status.
In Context
- "Liquid biopsy results showed the emergence of resistance mutations during targeted therapy treatment." — Clinical report
- "The oncologist ordered liquid biopsy testing to monitor treatment response without requiring repeat tissue sampling." — Medical documentation