exenteration
Pronunciation: ex-en-ter-AY-shun
Radical surgical removal of all orbital contents including the eye, extraocular muscles, and surrounding tissues.
Full Definition
Exenteration is the most extensive orbital procedure, involving complete removal of all orbital contents including the globe, extraocular muscles, orbital fat, and often the eyelids. This procedure is typically reserved for malignant tumors that have invaded orbital tissues beyond salvageable limits, such as advanced squamous cell carcinoma, melanoma, or certain sarcomas. The procedure may be total (including eyelids) or subtotal (preserving eyelids), depending on tumor extent. Post-operative management requires careful consideration of reconstruction options and prosthetic rehabilitation for optimal functional and cosmetic outcomes.
Usage
Usage note: Most radical orbital procedure. Specify total vs subtotal based on eyelid preservation.
In Context
- "Total orbital exenteration was necessary due to extensive adenoid cystic carcinoma invasion." — Oncologic surgical report
- "The patient required staged reconstruction following subtotal exenteration." — Plastic surgery consultation