Radicular Cyst
Pronunciation: RAD-ik-yoo-lar
The most common odontogenic cyst, arising at the apex of a non-vital tooth from epithelial rests stimulated by periapical inflammation.
Full Definition
The radicular cyst (also termed periapical cyst or apical periodontal cyst) develops from the epithelial cell rests of Malassez within a pre-existing periapical granuloma. It is the most frequently encountered odontogenic cyst in clinical practice and presents radiographically as a well-defined periapical radiolucency. Pathology reports should specify whether the cyst is a true cyst (with an epithelial lining and a lumen) or a pocket cyst, as this distinction has implications for surgical treatment. Editors must not conflate it with the periapical granuloma, which is a non-cystic lesion and a precursor.
Usage
Usage note: Distinguish clearly from periapical granuloma (no epithelial lining) in histopathology reports. 'Residual cyst' is used when the associated tooth has been extracted but the cyst persists.
In Context
- "Histological examination confirmed a radicular cyst with a non-keratinised stratified squamous epithelial lining." — Oral pathology biopsy report
- "The radicular cyst was associated with a grossly carious maxillary central incisor with necrotic pulp." — Clinical case summary