Sialolithiasis
Pronunciation: sy-al-oh-lith-EYE-ah-sis
The formation of calcified stones (sialoliths) within the ductal system or parenchyma of a salivary gland, most commonly the submandibular gland.
Full Definition
Sialolithiasis is the condition characterised by the presence of one or more mineralised calculi within the salivary duct or gland, causing obstruction to salivary flow and resulting in postprandial gland swelling and pain. The submandibular gland and Wharton's duct are affected in approximately 80–90% of cases, partly due to the viscous, calcium-rich nature of submandibular saliva and the upward course of the duct. Clinical documents frequently require editors to distinguish sialolithiasis (the stone-disease condition) from the individual stone, which is correctly termed a 'sialolith'. Radiographic or ultrasound reports may also use the synonym 'salivary calculus'.
Usage
Usage note: Do not use 'sialolith' and 'sialolithiasis' interchangeably: the former is the stone, the latter the condition. 'Salivary calculus' is an acceptable synonym in radiological contexts.
In Context
- "Ultrasound confirmed sialolithiasis with a 9 mm sialolith at the hilum of the right submandibular gland." — Radiological report
- "Editors should note that 'sialolithiasis' denotes the condition while 'sialolith' denotes the individual calculus." — Editorial terminology guide