free flap
Tissue transferred with its blood supply that requires microvascular anastomosis at the recipient site.
Full Definition
A free flap is a segment of tissue completely detached from its original blood supply and transferred to a distant recipient site where its vascular pedicle is reconnected through microvascular anastomosis. Unlike pedicled flaps which maintain connection to their original blood supply, free flaps offer greater versatility in reconstruction but require microsurgical expertise for successful transfer. Common donor sites in maxillofacial reconstruction include the fibula for mandibular reconstruction, radial forearm for soft tissue defects, and anterolateral thigh for large volume requirements. Success depends on proper flap design, careful handling, expeditious transfer, and meticulous microvascular technique. Post-operative monitoring for vascular compromise is critical during the first 72 hours.
Usage
Usage note: Always specify donor site when documenting free flap procedures.
In Context
- "Mandibular reconstruction required a fibula free flap with dental implant placement." — reconstructive surgery plan
- "The radial forearm free flap provided excellent tissue quality for intraoral reconstruction." — surgical outcome assessment