Ramus
Pronunciation: RAY-mus
The vertical portion of the mandible extending upward from the body to support the temporomandibular joint and muscle attachments.
Full Definition
The mandibular ramus is the quadrilateral-shaped vertical extension of the mandible that provides structural support and muscle attachment points for mastication. Each ramus features important anatomical landmarks including the coronoid process (anterior), condylar process (posterior), mandibular foramen (medial surface), and gonial angle (inferior border junction with mandibular body). The ramus serves as the attachment site for the masseter, pterygoid, and temporalis muscles. In orthognathic surgery, ramus osteotomies are commonly performed to advance or setback the mandible. Understanding ramus anatomy is crucial for avoiding inferior alveolar nerve injury during surgical procedures.
Usage
Usage note: Specify 'mandibular ramus' when context is unclear, as other bones have rami.
In Context
- "The sagittal split was performed through the medial aspect of the ramus to access the inferior alveolar nerve canal." — Orthognathic surgery report
- "Radiographic examination revealed a fracture extending from the angle through the posterior ramus." — Trauma evaluation