Retrognathism
Pronunciation: ret-ro-NAY-thiz-um
A condition in which the jaw (maxilla, mandible, or both) is positioned posteriorly relative to the cranial base, resulting in a receded facial profile.
Full Definition
Retrognathism is the opposite of prognathism, describing a jaw that is set back further than normal in relation to the skull base. Mandibular retrognathism is commonly associated with increased overjet and a convex facial profile, while maxillary retrognathism may be associated with a concave profile. The condition is diagnosed via clinical examination and cephalometric analysis, and the findings inform orthognathic surgical planning. Editors must ensure the qualifying adjective ('mandibular' or 'maxillary') accompanies the term. It should not be confused with retroclination, which describes backward inclination of individual teeth.
Usage
Usage note: Qualify with 'mandibular' or 'maxillary.' Do not conflate with 'retroclination,' which is a dental (tooth-level) rather than skeletal (jaw-base) descriptor.
In Context
- "Mandibular retrognathism was confirmed on cephalometric analysis, with an SNB angle of 74°." — Cephalometric analysis report
- "Distinguish 'retrognathism' (jaw-base position) from 'retroclination' (tooth inclination) when editing this patient summary." — Editorial annotation