allograft
Pronunciation: AL-oh-graft
Transplanted bone tissue from a donor of the same species used for reconstruction.
Full Definition
An allograft is bone tissue transplanted from a genetically different donor of the same species, typically obtained from deceased organ donors and processed by tissue banks. In orthopedic oncology, allografts are used for reconstruction following tumor resection when massive bone defects require replacement. Allografts can be structural (to provide mechanical support) or non-structural (to fill defects and promote healing). They undergo various processing methods including freeze-drying, irradiation, or chemical treatment to reduce immunogenicity and disease transmission risk while preserving mechanical properties.
Usage
Usage note: Distinguish from 'autograft' (patient's own tissue) and specify processing method when relevant.
In Context
- "Intercalary allograft reconstruction was performed to bridge the segmental bone defect." — Operative note
- "The allograft showed signs of incorporation with bridging callus formation at six months." — Follow-up imaging report