exertional rhabdomyolysis
Pronunciation: eks-ER-shun-al RAB-doe-my-OH-ly-sis
Breakdown of skeletal muscle tissue due to intense exercise, potentially leading to kidney damage and other serious complications.
Full Definition
Exertional rhabdomyolysis is a serious condition characterized by the breakdown of skeletal muscle fibers following intense physical activity, leading to the release of intracellular contents into the bloodstream. This condition can occur in athletes participating in high-intensity training, particularly during hot weather or when returning to activity after a period of deconditioning. The released muscle proteins, particularly myoglobin, can cause acute kidney injury, electrolyte imbalances, and in severe cases, compartment syndrome or cardiac arrhythmias. Clinical presentation includes severe muscle pain, weakness, swelling, and dark-colored urine. Laboratory findings show elevated creatine kinase levels, often exceeding 10,000 U/L. Risk factors include genetic predisposition, certain medications, dehydration, and environmental heat stress. Prompt recognition and treatment with aggressive fluid resuscitation are essential to prevent complications.
Usage
Usage note: Medical emergency requiring immediate intervention; distinguish from routine muscle soreness.
In Context
- "The football player developed exertional rhabdomyolysis following an intense conditioning session in hot weather." — Emergency department presentation
- "Laboratory results confirmed exertional rhabdomyolysis with creatine kinase levels exceeding 50,000 U/L." — Laboratory report