scaphoid fracture
Pronunciation: SKAF-oid
A break in the boat-shaped bone of the wrist, notoriously difficult to diagnose and prone to nonunion due to poor blood supply.
Full Definition
Scaphoid fractures are among the most common carpal bone injuries in athletes, particularly those involved in contact sports or activities with risk of falling on outstretched hands. The scaphoid bone has a retrograde blood supply, making the proximal pole particularly vulnerable to avascular necrosis and nonunion. Clinical presentation includes anatomical snuffbox tenderness, pain with wrist movement, and positive scaphoid compression test. These fractures are notoriously difficult to diagnose on initial radiographs, with up to 15% being missed on plain films. Advanced imaging such as MRI or bone scan may be necessary for definitive diagnosis. Prompt diagnosis and appropriate immobilization are crucial to prevent long-term complications.
Usage
Usage note: High index of suspicion required; consider advanced imaging if clinical suspicion despite negative radiographs.
In Context
- "The gymnast presented with anatomical snuffbox tenderness suspicious for scaphoid fracture." — Emergency department evaluation
- "CT scan confirmed a displaced scaphoid fracture requiring surgical fixation." — Imaging report