osteopenia
Pronunciation: os-tee-oh-PEE-nee-uh
Reduced bone density that is lower than normal but not severe enough to be classified as osteoporosis.
Full Definition
A condition characterized by bone mineral density that is below normal levels but not low enough to meet the diagnostic criteria for osteoporosis. Osteopenia is defined as a T-score between -1.0 and -2.5 standard deviations below the young adult mean on dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DEXA) scanning. This condition represents an intermediate stage between normal bone density and osteoporosis, indicating increased fracture risk compared to normal bone but lower risk than osteoporosis. Management focuses on lifestyle modifications and sometimes medication to prevent progression to osteoporosis.
Usage
Usage note: Include T-score values when available. Distinguish from osteoporosis (T-score ≤ -2.5) and osteomalacia (bone softening).
In Context
- "DEXA scan revealed osteopenia in the lumbar spine with a T-score of -1.8." — Bone density report
- "The patient's osteopenia requires monitoring and calcium supplementation." — Treatment plan