pathological fracture
Fracture occurring through abnormal or diseased bone with minimal or no trauma.
Full Definition
A pathological fracture is a fracture that occurs through bone weakened by underlying disease, typically with minimal trauma that would not normally cause fracture in healthy bone. Common underlying conditions include primary bone tumors, metastatic disease, osteoporosis, osteomyelitis, osteomalacia, and genetic disorders affecting bone structure. These fractures often present with antecedent pain, may have atypical radiographic appearance, and require investigation of the underlying pathology. Treatment must address both the fracture and the underlying condition, with special considerations for oncological patients including coordination with oncology teams and potential for adjuvant therapies.
Usage
Usage note: Both 'pathological' and 'pathologic' are acceptable; maintain consistency within documents. Always investigate underlying cause.
In Context
- "Biopsy confirmed the pathological fracture was secondary to metastatic breast cancer." — Oncological assessment
- "The spontaneous femur fracture raised suspicion for an underlying pathological process." — Clinical evaluation