Pediatric pharmacokinetic differences
Pronunciation: far-ma-ko-ki-NET-ik
Age-related variations in drug absorption, distribution, metabolism, and elimination affecting anesthetic medication dosing in children.
Full Definition
Pediatric pharmacokinetic differences encompass the significant variations in drug handling between children and adults that directly impact anesthetic medication selection and dosing. Key differences include higher total body water content affecting volume of distribution for water-soluble drugs, immature liver enzyme systems altering drug metabolism, decreased protein binding increasing free drug concentrations, and varying renal function affecting drug elimination. Younger children typically require higher weight-based doses of many anesthetics due to faster clearance rates and larger volume of distribution. These differences are most pronounced in neonates and infants, gradually approaching adult values by adolescence. Understanding these principles is crucial for safe pediatric anesthetic practice.
Usage
Usage note: Use as complete phrase; distinguish from pharmacodynamics in documentation.
In Context
- "The pediatric pharmacokinetic differences required a higher propofol infusion rate in this 2-year-old patient." — Anesthesia plan
- "Understanding pediatric pharmacokinetic differences is essential for appropriate opioid dosing in children." — Continuing education material