rapid sequence induction
Anesthetic technique using rapid administration of sedative and paralytic agents followed by immediate intubation, used in pediatric patients at risk for aspiration.
Full Definition
Rapid sequence induction (RSI) is an anesthetic technique designed to quickly secure the airway in patients at increased risk of pulmonary aspiration. The method involves the rapid, nearly simultaneous administration of a sedative/hypnotic agent and a fast-acting neuromuscular blocking drug, followed by immediate endotracheal intubation without bag-mask ventilation. In pediatric practice, RSI is indicated for patients with full stomachs, gastroesophageal reflux, bowel obstruction, or other conditions that increase aspiration risk. Pediatric RSI requires modifications in drug dosing, preoxygenation techniques, and consideration of the child's unique physiological characteristics.
Usage
Usage note: Can be abbreviated as RSI, but spell out on first use. 'Rapid sequence intubation' is also acceptable.
In Context
- "Given the patient's recent meal and emergency surgery, a rapid sequence induction was performed with propofol and succinylcholine." — Anesthesia record
- "The pediatric rapid sequence induction protocol includes cricoid pressure and avoidance of positive pressure ventilation." — Hospital guidelines