transitional circulation
The physiological changes in cardiovascular circulation that occur from fetal to adult pattern during the neonatal period.
Full Definition
Transitional circulation refers to the complex cardiovascular adaptations that occur as the newborn transitions from fetal to adult circulatory patterns. This process involves closure of fetal shunts (ductus arteriosus, foramen ovale), decreased pulmonary vascular resistance, and increased systemic vascular resistance. The transition typically occurs over days to weeks but can be disrupted by factors such as hypoxia, acidosis, or stress, leading to persistent fetal circulation or pulmonary hypertension. Understanding these changes is crucial for anesthetic management of neonates, as certain interventions may precipitate reversion to fetal circulation patterns.
Usage
Usage note: Consider the potential for reversal to fetal circulation patterns when planning anesthesia for neonates.
In Context
- "The anesthesiologist avoided nitrous oxide to prevent complications with transitional circulation in the 2-day-old neonate." — Neonatal surgery case note
- "Transitional circulation physiology must be considered when managing blood pressure in premature infants." — Pediatric anesthesia textbook